Proceedings - 100th Anniversary Symposium
Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Sept; 90 (3)
100th Anniversary Symposium of Umami Discovery: The Roles of Glutamate in Taste, Gastrointestinal Function, Metabolism, and Physiology
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Introduction
- Introduction to the Symposium.
Symposium keynote address
Historical Perspectives
- Umami and the foods of classical antiquity.
- Glutamate: from discovery as a food flavor to role as a basic taste (umami).
- Sensory and receptor responses to umami: an overview of pioneering work.
- History of glutamate production.
Receptors, transduction, perception: session I
- T1R receptors mediate mammalian sweet and umami taste.
- Taste receptors for umami: the case for multiple receptors.
- Metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 in taste tissue.
- Multiple receptors underlie glutamate taste responses in mice.
- Umami taste transduction mechanisms.
- Glutamate taste and appetite in laboratory mice: physiologic and genetic analyses.
Receptors, transduction, perception: session II
- Variation in umami perception and in candidate genes for the umami receptor in mice and humans.
- Perceptual variation in umami taste and polymorphisms in TAS1R taste receptor genes.
- Early milk feeding influences taste acceptance and liking during infancy.
- Nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in human tas1r1, tas1r3, and mGluR1 and individual taste sensitivity to glutamate.
- Taste and weight: is there a link?
- Functional neuroimaging of umami taste: what makes umami pleasant?
Gastrointestinal tract
- Metabolism and functions of L-glutamate in the epithelial cells of the small and large intestines.
- Taste signaling elements expressed in gut enteroendocrine cells regulate nutrient-responsive secretion of gut hormones.
- Luminal chemosensing and upper gastrointestinal mucosal defences.
- Activation of the gut-brain axis by dietary glutamate and physiologic significance in energy homeostasis.
- Protein, amino acids, vagus nerve signaling, and the brain.
- Can dietary supplementation of monosodium glutamate improve the health of the elderly?
Absorptive and postabsorptive handling
- Metabolic fate and function of dietary glutamate in the gut.
- Hepatic glutamate metabolism: a tale of 2 hepatocytes.
- Regulation of glutamate metabolism and insulin secretion by glutamate dehydrogenase in hypoglycemic children.
- The blood-brain barrier and glutamate.
- Role of glutamate in neuron-glia metabolic coupling.
Summary
- Symposium Summary.
